Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal WelfareJournal of Veterinary Science and Animal WelfareJournal of Veterinary Science and Animal WelfareJournal of Veterinary Science and Animal Welfare2690-0939Ommega Online PublishersNew Jersey, USA1949Research ArticlePharmacokinetics and metabolism of meloxicam in camels after intravenous administration using orbitrap mass spectrometryPharmacokinetics and metabolism of meloxicam in camels after intravenous administration using orbitrap mass spectrometryAhmedM. Kadry1 Equine Forensic Unit Central Veterinary Research Laboratory 2nd Zabeel St P O Box 597 Dubai UAE2 Dubai Camel Hospital P O Box 9220 Dubai UAEEditor* E-mail: akadry@cfldubai.ae
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
20182210201831VSAW-18-RA-194920082018171020182018Creative Commons Attribution LicenseThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. nbsp The pharmacokinetics and urinary elimination of meloxicam were studied in camels Camelus dromedaries following a single intravenous IV administration at 0 5 mg kg body weight Blood samples and urine were collected at different time intervals for 30 days Meloxicam was extracted from plasma and urine using solid phase extraction and the concentrations measured using liquid chromatography-orbitrap mass spectroscopy LC-MS MS The results show that PhaseI biotransformation of meloxicam led to the formation of hydroxyl and carboxy metabolites The parent drug and the metabolites were detected unconjugated in urine and performing enzymatic hydrolysis did not increase the yield of the drug and its metabolites appreciably The plasma drug concentrations were best fitted by a two compartment model The results mean plusmn SD revealed the distribution half-life t1 2 alpha was 0 863 plusmn 0 129 h the elimination half-life t1 frasl 2 beta was 46 952 plusmn 4 694 h and the total body clearance ClT was 5 587 plusmn 1 655 mL kg h The apparent volume of distribution Vd was 371 940 plusmn 86 658 mL frasl kg Two metabolites of meloxicam were identified unconjugated in urine as 5 rsquo -hydroxymethylmeloxicam and 5 rsquo -carboxymeloxicam It was concluded from this study that the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in camel was characterized by a slow clearance small volume of distribution and very long half-life which resulted in a long detection time following the IV administration Meloxicam and its two metabolites namely 5 rsquo -hydroxymethylmeloxicam and 5 rsquo -carboxymeloxicamcould be detected for 17 25 and 27 days respectively in urine mainly unconjugated using high resolution accurate mass liquid chromatography-orbitrap mass spectrometry LC-MS MS method 10