Distraction Technique of Lower Jaw on Rabbit Experimental Studies Research

Abstract

In this piece of research, nine New Zealand Rabbits of one year of age weighted 3.5 kg were subjected to experimental study by distraction technique for elongation of the mandible. Distraction was achieved by using bilateral distractor designed for hand bone lengthening apparatus and adjusted by Tran’s fixation. Kirschinar wire of 1.5mm passed through mandibular body, rhythmic distraction of both corticomized fragments at a rate of 1 mm/day at a rhythmed of 0.5 mm twice daily preceded by latent period for 7 days and distraction period for 10 days, postoperatively systemic antibiotic of pen strep (penicillin streptomycin, 1 ml/10 kg IM) prescribed for 6 days. Thesegments were hold by external fixator for 6 weeks till consolidation phase completed and mandibular lengthening achieved of about 10 mm.
The result of this research mandibular lengthening 10mm achievedin 3 Rabbits, pin side infection observed and controlled by idoformegauze in 2 Rabbits, dropping of lower jaw and open bite noticed in 2 and one Rabbit passed. No deviation of the mandible was noticed and all animal were able to open and close their mouth without any side effect on masticatory process.
This research was found quiet interesting and demonstrated the cytological changes associated with distraction technique with the formation of granulation tissue containing with mesenchymal stem cells derived from periosteum and bone marrow and growth factor during latent period which played an important role in bone formation during consolidation phase. And we believe its value to humans for managements of deformities of the mandible and facial skeleton.